Question

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What is Dark reaction
and Light reaction ??
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Answer 1

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The overall mechanism of photosynthesis occurs in two phases :-

(1) Light dependent face or light reaction of Hill reaction

(2) Light independent face for dark reaction or blackman's reaction

$\huge{Light\:Reaction}$

Occurs in granum of chlorophyll where absorption of Radiant Heat by two pigment systems lead to the production of three major substances, i.e. : Oxygen, ATP, NADPH2. When light energy received by chlorophyll pigment system I.

$chorophyll \: + \: light \: energy \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: chorohyll + e {}^{ - }$

This electron accepted by Ferrodixin ( an electron acceptor), which ultimately involved in a reduction of NADP to NADPH2.

Simultaneously light activate chlorophyll molecule of pigment system II, which also gives electron. This electron goes to chlorophyll of pigment system 1 via a series of Transporter. On the course of transfer of electrons from P-second to P - first, ADP get converted in ATP(high energy rich compound).

$ADP \: + \: \: P(phosphate) \: \: \: \: \: \: \: ATP$

Now question is that how chlorophyll of pigment system II compensated their electron deficiency? Compensation is done by photolysis (breaking through light) of water.

$4H2O \: \: \: \: {}^{light} \: \: 4H {}^{ + } \: \: \: 4OH$

After photolysis, O2 release to atmosphere as byproduct electron goes to compensate the chlorophyll of pigment system II. Hydrogen ion consumed information of NADPH2.

$\huge{Dark\:Reaction}$

dark reaction occurs in the stroma part of chlorophyll. It involve the series of biochemical reactions occurring one after the other in a cyclic manner which utilise the assimilatory power of light reaction and converts carbon dioxide into carbohydrates. This is called dark reaction or Calvin cycle.

The whole reaction can be studied in three parts:-

1) Acceptance of CO2 by CO2 acceptor ( RuBP-Ribulose biphosphate)

2) Utilisation of ATP and NADPH2

3) Regenation of RuBP ( 5 Carbon compound)

Whole process starts with acceptance of 6 molecules of CO2 by 6 molecules of RuBP and form 12 molecules of three carbon compound which utilizes 18 molecule of ATP and 12 molecules of NADPH2 and form one molecule of glucose (6 carbon) and regenerate all 6 RuBP

Answer 2

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 The light reaction is the initial stage of photosynthesis which traps light energy to produce ATP and NADPH whereas dark reaction is the second step of photosynthesis which utilizes the energy from ATP and NADPH to produce glucose.

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Light reactions need light to produce organic energy molecules (ATP and NADPH). They are initiated by colored pigments, mainly green colored chlorophylls. Dark reactions make use of these organic energy molecules (ATP and NADPH). This reaction cycle is also called Calvin Benison Cycle, and it occurs in the stroma.

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