HII MATES PLEASE HELP ME FAST. Share your views on the political conditions of North India in the early phase of the medieval era.
Answers
Explanation:
1. This preriod is known for political fragmentation with the absence of one strong empire which could encompass a significant portion of India.
2. This period was dominated by the Rajputs. Colonel Tames Todd asserts that Rajputs were descendants of the Hunas who were later absorbed into Indian society. G.S. Ojha believes that the Rajputs originated from the ancient Kshatriya clan. Romila Thapar, D.N. jha agree that the Rajputs were of mixed origin from both indigenous and foreign elements.
3. Every stat4e attempted to grow at the expense of the othe leading to mutual rivalries and hostilities.
4. The king’s position was generally hereditary. He was supported by many feudal lords and wars were frequent between kings on the one had, and kings and feudal lords on the other hand.
5. The Rajputs and feudal lords tended to prepare attractive genealogies connecting themselves to solar and lunar lineages.
6. Kingdoms were divided into Bhuktis (provinces) which in turn were divided into Visaya (districts) District government was properly organised. The governor of a bhakti (province) was called ‘Uparika’ and the head of a visaya (district) was called ‘visayapati’. The Uparika and Visayapati were expected to collect land revenue and maintain law and order in his jurisdiction . However in the Rashtrakuta Kingdom, the province was called as ‘Rushtra’ ruled by a ‘Rashtrapati’, the visaya was a district and the bhukti was a smaller unit than a visaya.
7. Below these territorial divisions was the village which was the basic unit of administration. The village administration was carried on by the village headman and the village accountant whose posts were generally hereditary. They were paid by grants of rent free land. The village headman was often helped in his duties by the village elder called grama-mahajana.
8. ‘Nan-gavundas’ or ‘Desa-gramakutas’ were hereditary revenue officers of the Deccan, they appear to have discharged the same functions as the deshmukh and deshpande of later times in Maharashtra.
9. Khasa refers to Assam and Lata refers to South Gujarat.
10. Tilak was the name of Hindu general who commanded the Ghaznavid armies in which Hindu soldiers were also recruited.
11. The Pala kings patronized a brahmana family which supplied fou r successive Chief ministers to Dharmapala and his successors.
12. The revenue assignment (bhoga) granted by a ruler to his officers and supporters were temporary in theory and were liable to be resumed whenever the ruler wanted , but this was rarely done in practice.