His experimental setup comprised a hollow lead sphere connected with a tight seal to one end
of a pipe, while the other end of the pipe was kept under water in another vessel. Philo took the
following steps to measure the hotness and coldness of the hollow lead sphere.
l He put the sphere outside in the sunlight and saw that some of the air enclosed in the
tube passed out when the sphere became hot. He saw that the air descended from the
tube into the water, producing a lot of bubbles.
l Then the sphere is put back in the shade, that is, where the sun’s rays do not reach it and
he saw that the water rose along the neck of the tube.
l He repeated this method many times to see the same thing happening. He used many
different methods to heat the sphere, with fire, or even pouring hot water over it. The
result remained the same.
Question 26: According to his observation, which of the following options would be
correct.
a) There is a direct relationship between the rise of the water in the tube to the heating of
the lead sphere.
b) There is an inverse relationship between the rise of the water in the tube to the heating
of the lead sphere.
c) There is no relationship between the rise of the water in the tube to the heating of the
lead sphere.
d) Difference in air pressure affects the rise of water in the tube.
Answers
Answer:
Feeling and seeing temperature changes
Within some reasonable temperature range, we can get a rough idea how warm something is by touching it. But this can be unreliable—if you put one hand in cold water, one in hot, then plunge both of them into lukewarm water, one hand will tell you it’s hot, the other will feel cold. For something too hot to touch, we can often get an impression of how hot it is by approaching and sensing the radiant heat. If the temperature increases enough, it begins to glow and we can see it’s hot!
The problem with these subjective perceptions of heat is that they may not be the same for everybody. If our two hands can’t agree on whether water is warm or cold, how likely is it that a group of people can set a uniform standard? We need to construct a device of some kind that responds to temperature in a simple, measurable way—we need a thermometer.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Feeling and seeing temperature changes
Within some reasonable temperature range, we can get a rough idea how warm something is by touching it. But this can be unreliable—if you put one hand in cold water, one in hot, then plunge both of them into lukewarm water, one hand will tell you it’s hot, the other will feel cold. For something too hot to touch, we can often get an impression of how hot it is by approaching and sensing the radiant heat. If the temperature increases enough, it begins to glow and we can see it’s hot!
The problem with these subjective perceptions of heat is that they may not be the same for everybody. If our two hands can’t agree on whether water is warm or cold, how likely is it that a group of people can set a uniform standard? We need to construct a device of some kind that responds to temperature in a simple, measurable way—we need a thermometer.