Question

history class 8 ch17 fundamental rights fundamental duties and directive principles of state policy


please answer all

Answer 1

Question 1.
What is meant by the term ‘Fundamental Rights’?
Answer:
A certain freedoms which are essential for personal and common hood, guaranteed under the India Constitution and have been incorporated in the Fundamental Law of the Land and can be enforced by the Courts are known as ‘Fundamental Right’.

Question 2.
What is the significance of Fundamental Rights in view of the fact that India is democratic country ?
Answer:
Democracy is meaningless if civil liberties, such as freedom of speech, freedom of religion and freedom from unreasonable arrest are not protected by the State. The Constitution of India guarantees to the citizens freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, freedom of religion and the right to form Associations or unions.

Question 3.
What do we mean when we say that Fundamental Rights are justifiable ? OR Rights are enforceable by the Courts. How?
Answer:

The Fundamental Rights are justiciable, as these are enforceable in a court of law and a suit can be filed in a High Court or the Supreme court in case there is dissatisfaction.

Question 4.
What is meant by the statement that Rights are not absolute?
Answer:
Rights are not absolute or uncontrolled. Rights are subject to such reasonable restrictions as may be necessary for the protection of general welfare. State is the custodian of the general public interests decency or morality. Therefore, State may make laws putting restrictions on our rights.

Question 5.
Under what circumstances can the Fundamental Rights be suspended?
Answer:
The Fundamental Rights guaranteed under Article 19, can be suspended during an Emergency. For instance, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, freedom of movement remain suspended. During Emergency, the President is the best person to decide how a particular problem should be solved.

Question 6.
Mention any two categories of the Fundamental Rights.
Answer:
The Fundamental Rights are grouped under six main categories you can select any two:

Right to Equality

Right to Freedom

Right against Exploitation

Right to Freedom of Religion

Cultural and Educational Rights

Right to Constitutional Remedies

Question 7.
What is meant by Equality before Law in the context of the Fundamental Rights ?
Answer:
Article 14 guarantees to every person “equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India”. The Constitution forbids discrimination between persons placed in similar circumstances or conditions.

Question 8.
The Constitution seeks to ensure social equality. Mention the two Fundamental Rights strengthening this Equality.
Answer:

Abolition of Untduchability.

Abolition of Titles.

Question 9.
Mention any two freedoms embodied under the Right to Freedom.
Answer:
Two freedoms embodied under the Right to Freedom are:

Freedom of speech and expression.

Right to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation.

Question 10.
Mention provision of the Right to Education Act,2010.
Answer:
Key provisions of the Right to Education ftci 2010

 All children in 6-14 age group to get free and compulsory education.

 No child shall be held back, expelled, or required to pass a board examination till Class-VIII.

There will be 25 per cent reservation for poor children even in private and minority schools.

Question 11.
Mention the restraints on the following freedoms:
(a) Freedom of Speech and Expression
(b) Freedom to reside and settle in any part of India.
Answer:
The restraints on the following freedoms are:

Freedom of Speech and Expression: It is restrained in the interests of public order, security of the State Decency or morality. Reasonable restrictions on this right can be imposed in case it fails to abide by the code and conduct.

Freedom to reside and settle in any part of India: This freedom is availed to the extent where the interests of general public or the interests of the Scheduled Tribes remain protected.