Question

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what is doctrine of lapse

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Answer 1

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The doctrine of lapse was an annexation policy applied by the British East India Company in India until 1858. According to the doctrine, any Indian princely state under the suzerainty of the British East India Company (the dominant imperial power in the subcontinent), as a vassal state under the British subsidiary system, would have its princely status abolished (and therefore annexed into British India) if the ruler was either "manifestly incompetent or died without a male heir".[1] The latter supplanted the long-established right of an Indian sovereign without an heir to choose a successor.[citation needed] In addition, the British decided whether potential rulers were competent enough. The doctrine and its application were widely regarded by many Indians as illegitimate.

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Answer 2

$\huge\mathfrak\red{hey\:Mate}$$\huge\boxed{\fcolorbox{blue}{pink} {Answer}}$If an indian ruler died without a male heir his kingdom would'lapse' that is becoming the part of company territory.
Annexed satara (1848) ,Sambalpur (1850),Udaipur(1852),Nagpur (1853), Jhansi (1854).
Awadh in 1856 starting they were obliged by duty to remove misgovernment and nawab was deposed.
War of 1857 broke out Awadh joined
Hope it will help u