How are coal and petroleum formed?
Answers
FORMATION OF COAL:
----- > It takes millions of years for coal to form. Millions of years ago, there were places on the earth with dense forests in wetlands, due to natural calamities such as flooding, tsunami, landslide, etc these forests got buried under the soil. Over the years, more and more soil compiled over these forests. Oxidation protected these trees from biodegradation, usually by mud or acidic water. This traps the carbon that was buried in the sediments. Carbonization takes place, carbonization is a process where vegetation turns into carbon. It is a slow process
FORMATION OF PETROLEUM:
It takes around millions of years for petroleum to form. It is formed due to the presence of decomposed carcasses of dead animals beneath the surface of the earth. These carcasses of dead animals are subjected to extreme pressure and heat. Over centuries, millions of animals lived and died to become fossilized, just in case of plant-based matter. Similarly, in the ocean, oceanic creatures drowned to the bottom of the ocean and got buried under the sand and rocks.
Decayed due to the presence of bacteria, the decomposed organic matter got buried deeper and deeper over the years. Over millions of years, high temperature, high pressure, the absence of air converted the dead animals to petroleum and coal. This liquefied form of dead organic matter is petroleum or crude oil. Crude oil is extracted from oil wells, these wells can be very deep. The oil extracted is later refined to form petrol, diesel, aviation fuel, paraffin wax, lubrication oil, etc.
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Answer:
Coal and petroleum have been formed from remains of dead animals and plants which has been subjected to various biological and geological process. ... They were pressed down under the layer of earth and rock and slowly decayed into the coal under the high temperature and pressure.