Question

how are extrusive and intrusive rocks are formed? In short

Answer 1

Extrusive Rocks

Igneous rocks which form by the crystallization of magma at the surface of the Earth are called extrusive rocks. They are characterized by fine-grained textures because their rapid cooling at or near the surface did not provide enough time for large crystals to grow. Rocks with this fine-grained texture are called aphanitic rocks. The most common extrusive rock is basaltw

Answer 2

Answer:

Extrusive or volcanic rocks:

These rocks are formed when magma breaks through the crust and reaches the surface of the earth (where it is called lava). It cools rapidly and solidifies to form rocks. The common rocks formed in this manner are basalt and obsidian.

Instrusive or plutonic rocks:

These rocks are formed when magma fails to break through the crust and cools slowly under the crust  forming rocks. Because of slow cooling it solidifies into rocks with large grains of crystals. The common eg of rocks formed in this manner are granite and dolerite.

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Explanation: