Question

how are the alveoil designed to maximise the exchange of gases

Answer 1

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The alveoli are thin walled and richly supplied with a network of blood vessels to facilitate exchange of gases between blood and the air filled in alveoli. They have balloon – like structure that provide maximum surface area for exchange of gases.
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Answer 2

♤ In the lungs, the air passage that divides into smaller and smaller tubes called bronchi which form bronchioles .

♤ The bronchioles terminate in the balloon like structure called alveoli.

♤ The alveoli present in the lungs provide maximum surface for exchange of gases.

♤ The alveoli have very thin walls and contain an extensive network of blood vessels to facilitate exchange of gases.