Question

how are the alveoli alveoli designed to maximize the exchange of gases​

Answer 1

Answer:

these are present in millions in number in our body and exchange the air by diffusion process...

Answer 2

Answer :-

Alveoli are designed in the shape balloon/sac like structures, forming the terminals of the "Bronchioles". Such a structure of the alveoli provides a large surface area (like villi in intestine) for gaseous exchange through diffusion.

Extra Information :-

• The wall of alveoli consists of 2 types of alveolar epithelial tissues, namely- Type I alveolar cells and Type II alveolar cells.

•  Type I alveolar cells are predominant squamous epithelial cells.

• Type I alveolar cells are more in number.

• Type II alveolar cells are large and are scattered among the squamous cells.

• Type II alveolar cells are fewer in number.

• Type II alveolar cells produce "Surfactant", an oily secretion containing the mixture of "Phospholipids" and "Protiens".

• Type II alveolar cells are also known as "Septal cells.

• The alveolar wall possesses "Alveolar Macrophages" (dust cells).

• The alveolar wall possesses wandering "Phagocytes", ingesting fine dust particles and other debris.

• The number of alveoli in and average adult human being is estimated to be approximately around "300 million".

• In an average adult human being, the alveoli are estimated to expose a surface area of about "70 sq.metres".