Question

how are the alveoli designed to maximize the exchange of gases? ​

Answer 1

Answer:

since gaseous exchange occur only in alveoli

Answer 2

$\bold{\huge{\underline{\underline{\rm{ Answer :}}}}}$

There are millions of alveoli ( thin walled air-sacs) in the lungs. The presence of millions of alveoli in the lungs provide a very large area for exchange of gases . And the availability of a large surface area maximises the exchange of gases.

for Example:

If all alveoli from the to human lungs are unfolded , they would give an area of about 18 square metres ( which is nearly the size of a tennis court!)