How are waterfalls and gorges formed?
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waterfalls
Often, waterfalls form as streams flow from soft rock to hard rock. This happens both laterally (as a stream flows across the earth) and vertically (as the stream drops in a waterfall). In both cases, the soft rock erodes, leaving a hard ledge over which the stream falls.
gorges
Softer layers of surface rock erode. Erosion and geologic uplift often work together to create gorges. ... As rivers or streams flow across this uplifted surface, waterfalls form. Over time, the power of the waterfall erodes the softer rock layers underneath, causing the original river bed to collapse and create a gorge.
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