Question

how can irrigation change the cropping pattern of a region?

Answer 1

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Due to irrigation facilities many farmers have shifted to water intensive and commercial crops. For example, Punjab has become major producer of rice inspite of low rainfall.
Impact on social landscape:- This transformation has widens the gap between rich and poor. The rich and mighty who can afford higher inputs has become more rich whereas the poor have failed to get benefit due to lack of capital


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Answer 2

Irrigation can change the cropping in a region whether there is shortage and scarcity of water as irrigation can control amounts of water to plants at needed intervals. Irrigation helps to grow agricultural crops, maintain landscapes, and revegetate disturbed soils in dry areas and during periods of less than average rainfall. 
However,this type of water preservation technique is expensive but useful in the areas of dry regions.