how can we find it is a structural isomers? explain with example.
Answers
HELLO THERE!
Structural isomers can be of many types:
Chain isomers
Position isomers
Functional Group isomers
Metamers
RIng-chain isomers
Tautomers
There are many rules to find out structural isomers of an organic compound.
=> If it is a simple hydrocarbon (not having any functional group), then try branching it. Chain isomers will be formed this way.
=> Now, if there are one or more functional groups like OH, try placing the groups at different places such that the structures formed have different IUPAC names (because structures having same IUPAC names are same compounds). This way, functional isomers are formed.
Example: CH₃-CH₂-CHOH-CH₂-CH₃ and CH₃-CHOH-CH₂-CH₂CH₃.
If there are double or triple bonds, change in their position also forms position isomers.
Example: CH₃CH=CH-CH₂CH₃ and CH₂=CH-CH₂-CH₂CH₃
=> Functional group isomers can be formed by making another functional group out of one. Example, from Alcohol group (OH), it is possible to form Ether (OR), and from Aldehyde, we can form Ketone.
Example: (Alcohol and Ether) = CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-OH and CH₃-O-CH₂CH₃
(Aldehyde and Ketone) = CH₃CH₂CHO and CH₃COCH₃
=> Metamers can only be formed between ethers and ketones, just by differing the arrangements of alkyl groups.
Example: CH₃-O-CH₂CH₂CH₃ and CH₃CH₂-O-CH₂CH₃
=> Tautomerism is possible between Ketone-Alcohol (Keto-enol tautomerism) and Nitro-Acenitro Tautomerism. Tautomers can be formed using acid-catalyzed process or base-catalyzed process.
HOPE THIS HELPS!
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