Question

How did cave architecture develop in different parts of India , from cave shelters to the monolithic temple at Ellora?

Answer 1

Answer:

Early cave architecture developed as a result of the rise of Buddhism and jainism in the 5th and 4th centuries BCE. The rulers of the time as well as society in general patronised the ascetic lives of the Buddhist and Jaina monks by carving out places where they could meditate and practice spirituality outside the urban limits.

The earliest cave architecture dates back to the Ashokan times in the Barabar Hills. The Lomas Rishi cave exists here, it is said that Ashoka used to entertain the Ajivika sect in this cave.

With the transition into the Post-Mauryan era and the Gupta era, cave architecture got an impetus. Western india is home to some of the grandest caves. The Ajanta caves have their earliest phase in 2nd century BCE and their latest phase in the 5th century CE. It consists mainly of Buddhist Chaitya-Viharas with many surviving paintings. These caves were patronised by many Satavahana kings and merchant guilds, who used to make generous donations

The Ellora caves were built between the 5th century CE and 11th century CE. They have elements of Buddhism, Jainsim and Hinduism. Most notable is the Kailashanath rock cut temple, which is made out of a single rock. The Elephanta caves were initially dedicated to Buddhism but later was mainly shown to depict Shaivism. These caves are contemporary to the Ellora Caves.

Eastern Indian Cave architecture is situated in Coastal Andhra and Odisha. In Coastal Andhra, near Eluru district are the rock cut caves of Gantapalle. They are mainly Chaitya-Viharas. In Odisha we have caves in Udaigiri-Khandagiri. These caves were for Jaina monks.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

Cave architecture is often called as Rock-cut architecture. Indian rock-cut architecture is one of the main forms of architecture seen in caves.It is the practice of creating a structure by carving it out of solid natural rock. Along with sculptures some caves are famous for painting like the Ajanta caves.