how did education system in Vietnam contribute to the emergence of nationalist ideas
Answers
The origins of education derive from the country's belief in Confucianism as Vietnam's philosophy of education was influenced by Chinese influence. Confucius believes that man is fundamental to the world, but he cannot be alone. In society, he finds happiness. He also told himself that everyone has the same educational ability, so that education should be open to all. Consequently, Vietnam was built to be a collectivist society, making people less important than the whole. Culture is extremely important so that education is seen as a means of establishing a culture of good citizens, rather than as a way of personal advancement.
EXPLANATION:
In the late 19th century, the French colonized Vietnam. This power shift replaces French Vietnamese schooling for the Confucian-orientation taught by Vietnamese in order to train people to serve the colonial regime. The French built secondary schools, elementary schools, primary schools, primary colleges, and 3 universities all with French as their dominant language of instruction.
However not many schools were established, so during that time in Vietnam's history there was extremely limited access to education. 95 per cent of Vietnamese were illiterate with such an education system. In the middle of the 20th century, growing discontent contributed to the independence of the Vietnam. Schools served in demilitarized areas during the years of resistance. They also stopped teaching in French and established a Vietnamese curriculum. In 1950, the government implemented a reform of education in order to eliminate general education years and focus on reading, writing and measuring/calculation skills.
After a complete peace and freedom from France (1954), the government began to develop a new educational reform that could help the economy restore itself and put the whole country together. Vietnam became fully independent. The new law was aimed at training young people to become future citizens, committed to the democratic structure of the state and capable of serving the people and the war of resistance. Once Vietnam came to be declared a single country in April 1975, the government followed two educational objectives: to eliminate residual effects from the old education system and to carry out anti-illiteracy work for people aged 12 to 50 years.
While the aim was to improve education, the execution of the government's objectives faced a number of challenges. To order to have all schools accept a standardized educational system the government decided to universalise and nationalise curriculum. As the nation attempted to unify in other sectors, like economically and socially, and was isolated from foreign resources, it was difficult to finance new initiatives, and funding for the new initiatives was difficult. The country experienced very little economic and social growth for a little over a decade after the return of peace.
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