How did miss sullivan teach helen to take part in a conversation?
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Sullivan employed the methods Laura Bridgman had used along with other techniques she learned at Perkins. For example, spelled the names of items into Keller's hand, but Keller remained confused.
Keller recounted her own progression when it came to Sullivan's methods. Sullivan spelled d-o-l-l into Keller's hand one morning. Keller pretended to understand, imitating Sullivan and spelling the word back without any comprehension. When Sullivan tried to spell d-o-l-l with a different toy in Helen's hand, Helen was furious. She didn't understand how more than one object could be a doll, threw the toy to the ground, and broke it.
It was water that changed everything. Sullivan spelled w-a-t-e-r into Keller's hand one day and then placed that same hand into water. Keller immediately realized that all things had names; she grasped the basics of language and had a true eureka moment! She wanted to know the names for everything, and according to Sullivan:
"[by] March 31st I found Helen knew eighteen nouns and three verbs. Here is a list of the words. Those with a cross after them are words she asked for herself: Doll, mug, pin, key, dog, hat, cup, box, water, milk, candy, eye (x), finger (x), toe (x), head (x), cake, baby, mother, sit, stand, walk. On April 1st she learned the nouns knife, fork, spoon, saucer, tea, papa; bed, and the verb run."
Keller recounted her own progression when it came to Sullivan's methods. Sullivan spelled d-o-l-l into Keller's hand one morning. Keller pretended to understand, imitating Sullivan and spelling the word back without any comprehension. When Sullivan tried to spell d-o-l-l with a different toy in Helen's hand, Helen was furious. She didn't understand how more than one object could be a doll, threw the toy to the ground, and broke it.
It was water that changed everything. Sullivan spelled w-a-t-e-r into Keller's hand one day and then placed that same hand into water. Keller immediately realized that all things had names; she grasped the basics of language and had a true eureka moment! She wanted to know the names for everything, and according to Sullivan:
"[by] March 31st I found Helen knew eighteen nouns and three verbs. Here is a list of the words. Those with a cross after them are words she asked for herself: Doll, mug, pin, key, dog, hat, cup, box, water, milk, candy, eye (x), finger (x), toe (x), head (x), cake, baby, mother, sit, stand, walk. On April 1st she learned the nouns knife, fork, spoon, saucer, tea, papa; bed, and the verb run."
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