Question

how did the introduction of permanent settlement made landowners the tenants of their own land​

Answer 1

The Permanent Settlement, also known as the Permanent Settlement of Bengal, was an agreement between the East India Company and Bengali landlords to fix revenues to be raised from land, with far-reaching consequences for both agricultural methods and productivity in the entire British Empire and the political realities of the Indian countryside. It was concluded in 1793 by the Company administration headed by Charles, Earl Cornwallis, also known as Lord Cornwallis.

Answer 2

Answer:

the ryots Or cultivators were reduced to the status of mere tenants on their own land.

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