Question

How do fossils form layer by layer? Write Answer in your own words

Answer 1

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100 millions ago some invertebrates on the sea bed die and r buried in the sand. More sand accumulates and sandstones forms under pressure.

Millions of years later dinosaurs living in the area die and their bodies too r buried in mud. This mud is also compressed into rocks above the rock containing the earlier invertebrate fossils.

Again millions of years later the bodies of horse like creatures dying in the area r fossilised in rocks above these earlier rocks.

Much later, by erosion or water flow wears away some of the rock and exposes the horse like fossils. As we dig deeper, we will find older and older fossils.

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Answer 2

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The plants In the large and dense forests in low lying wetlands got burried under the soil due to natural processes like floods, and earthquakes. As more soil deposite over them, the organic matter was compressed. the temperature also rose. As the organic matter sank deeper and deeper , under high pressure and temperature, these dead plants slowly converted into coal. As coal contains mainly carbon, the slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called corbonisation. Since, coal was formed frim the remains of vegetation , it is also called fossil fuel.

Petroleum was formed from the Remains of tiny organsism called plankton that was found in the bottom of seas and oceans. it have tiny droplets inside their bodies. As these organisms died, thier bodies settled at the bottom of seas and oceans and covwred with layers of sand and clay. over millions of years, due to absence of air , high temperature and high pressure these dead organisms transformed into petroleum and natural gas. they are also known as fossil fuels.


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