Question

how do mendels experiments show that a) traits may be dominant or recessive,b) traits are inherited independantly???

Answer 1

a) in monohybrid cross one in F1 generation only one trait was expressed while in F2 generation both trait were expressed in the ratio 3:1 . so Mendel concluded that trait could be recessive or dominant .
b) during dihybrid cross it was noticed when two traits were considered both were expressed independently this led to Law of independent assortment

Answer 2

mental took pea plants with contrasting characteristics - tall plants and short plants . in cross pollination he got all tall plants in F1 generation . then by self pollination of f1 tall plants , he produce second gegeration (F2) consisting of tall and short plants in the ratio 3 : 1 . then he concluded that T (tall is dominant) and t (short) is recessive