Question

How do minerals occur in nature?

Answer 1

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In igneous and metamorphic rocks:

The smaller occurrences are called veins and the larger occurrences are called lodes. They are usually formed when minerals in liquid/molten and gaseous forms are forced upwards through cavities towards the earth’s surface. Examples: tin, copper, zinc, lead, etc.

In sedimentary rocks:

In these rocks, minerals occur in beds or layers. Coal, iron ore, gypsum, potash salt and sodium salt are the minerals found in sedimentary rocks.

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Answer 2

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Minerals generally occur in rocks of these forms:

i. In igneous and metamorphic rocks minerals occur in the veins and the lodes. Major metallic minerals like tin, copper, zinc and lead etc. are obtained from these veins and lodes.

ii. In sedimentary rocks minerals occur in layers. Coal and some forms of iron ore are found like this. Minerals such as gypsum, potash salt and sodium salt are formed as a result of evaporation especially in arid regions.

iii. In the decomposed surface rocks (a residual mass of weathered material) Bauxite is formed.

iv. In alluvial deposits or ‘placer deposits’ minerals which are not corroded by water are found. Such as Gold, silver, tin and platinum.

v. In ocean floor vast quantities of manganese nodules are found. Common salt, magnesium and bromine are largely derived from ocean waters

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