Question

how do stomata closed and open

Answer 1

It opens with the opening of puncture muscles at the end of oesophagus and closes with the closing of intertinal pincture muscle

Answer 2

At the Day Time When Sunlight Fall to The Leaf Then Stomata Open.
At the Night It Get Closed
Stomata are pores on leaves that let gases in and out between the leaf and the atmosphere. There is a pairs of Guard Cells on each side of each stoma
The guard cells close to prevent the loss of too much water, and they’re also sensitive to light, carbon dioxide, temperature, and plant hormones.