Question

How do you determine refractive index of glass prism?

Answer 1

The angle of deviation D = angle bent by emerging ray with respect to incident ray.

$D = i + e - r1 + r2 \\ A = r1 + r2 \\ D = i + e - A$

When D is minimum and = Dm, we see that i = e and r1 = r2 = r

$Dm = 2 i - 2 r  or  Dm =  2 i - A \\ r = \frac{A}{2} \\ \\ \frac{Sin\ i}{Sin\ r} = Mu_{glass} \\ \\ \frac{Sin\ (Dm + A)/2}{Sin\ A/2} = Mu_{glass}$

we can do an experimental setup to measure A, Dm and create the conditions for minimum deviation of incident light. We can calculate the refractive index for the material that the prism is made of.

Refractive index is not property of Prism. it is of the material.