how does fungus reproduce
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The reproduction of fungi can be either sexual or asexual. Sexual reproduction, as with other organisms, involves the fusion of two nuclei when two sex cells unite. This joining produces spores that can grow into new organisms. However, the majority of fungi reproduce asexually.
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Asexual Reproduction
This means of procreation is observed more frequently than sexual reproduction. Nearly all types of fungi have the ability to reproduce asexually. This in turn accounts for its widespread distribution. At a time, millions of asexual spores are released, and when these spores land on a fertile environment, they germinate into new individuals. The various types of asexual reproduction in fungi are spore formation, fragmentation, budding, and fission.
Out of these, vegetative spores or conidia are the most prevalent types. Under asexual spore formation, the fungal hyphae produces spores, either internally or externally. Fragmentation, as the term signifies, involves breaking of the fungal mycelium into several fragments. Each of the fragmented parts then develop into a new fungus. In case of budding, the parental cell protrudes a bud-like structure that bears the daughter nuclei. This bud breaks off and then grows into a new fungus.
Sexual Reproduction
Fungi reproduction by the sexual method is very complex. Though the basic phenomenon for fusion of male and female gametes remain the same, differences are observed amongst various types of fungi. As a part of the initiation phase in sexual reproduction cycle, compatible haploid hyphae come together. Subsequently, the male and female cells combine together, resulting in the formation of fertile diploid cells called spores. The spores are then released into the environment.
Asexual Reproduction
This means of procreation is observed more frequently than sexual reproduction. Nearly all types of fungi have the ability to reproduce asexually. This in turn accounts for its widespread distribution. At a time, millions of asexual spores are released, and when these spores land on a fertile environment, they germinate into new individuals. The various types of asexual reproduction in fungi are spore formation, fragmentation, budding, and fission.
Out of these, vegetative spores or conidia are the most prevalent types. Under asexual spore formation, the fungal hyphae produces spores, either internally or externally. Fragmentation, as the term signifies, involves breaking of the fungal mycelium into several fragments. Each of the fragmented parts then develop into a new fungus. In case of budding, the parental cell protrudes a bud-like structure that bears the daughter nuclei. This bud breaks off and then grows into a new fungus.
Sexual Reproduction
Fungi reproduction by the sexual method is very complex. Though the basic phenomenon for fusion of male and female gametes remain the same, differences are observed amongst various types of fungi. As a part of the initiation phase in sexual reproduction cycle, compatible haploid hyphae come together. Subsequently, the male and female cells combine together, resulting in the formation of fertile diploid cells called spores. The spores are then released into the environment.
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