How does the highly folded cell surface help the epithelial cell to absorb soluble food?
What is one food molecule absorbed into epithelial cells by active transport?
Why is it necessary to absorb some food molecules by active transport?
Give one substance that plants absorb by active transport?
Why do epithelial cells have many mitochondria?
Answers
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1) The surface of the small intestine wall is folded, and has projections called villi . Villi is the plural of villus. The epithelial cells that cover each villus themselves have projections called microvilli . These all increase the surface area over which digested food – now simple molecules – is absorbed.
2) Carrier proteins pick up specific molecules and take them through the cell membrane against the concentration gradient. Examples of active transport include: uptake of glucose by epithelial cells in the villi of the small intestine. uptake of ions from soil water by root hair.
3) Active transport is a process that is required to move molecules against a concentration gradient. The process requires energy from respiration . ... Plants therefore use active transport to absorb mineral ions into root hair cells. Animals, including humans, need to absorb all glucose molecules from their food.