How does the percentage of sulphur and carbon affects the calorific value of a fule?
Answers
Charcoal describes any burnt organic matter and it can contain high levels of toxins which are harmful to health. Some of these toxins may be categorised as carcinogenic organic substances, generically known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, anthracenes and creosotes. Many of these substances are banned from human food.
Activated charcoal is processed under high temperatures - up to 1000 degrees C – using purified steam to remove any contaminants. The end product is pure activated carbon, also known as medicinal charcoal or activated charcoal. There are 3 main differences between charcoal and activated charcoal:
Charcoal burns in air. Activated charcoal does not;
Charcoal does not adsorb chemical substances. Activated charcoal does;
Charcoal may be toxic. Activated charcoal is non-toxic and safe to eat.
Producer gas with a calorific value more than 3.0 MJ/kg depending on the charcoal yield can be used for thermal application or power generation thus ensuring the overall efficiency is high and also reducing the net harmful emissions to the atmosphere. The producer gas calorific value depends on the charcoal extraction and ranges from 3.0 MJ/kg to 4.5 MJ kg when char extraction is varied from 35 % to 5 %.
For example, if 33 % is the yield of charcoal per kilogram of coconut shells, whose energy content is about 25 MJ/kg, with respect to the coconut shell's calorific value at 16 MJ/kg. If the energy in the gas generated can be effectively used, this is also accounted to estimate the energy efficiency. The energy efficiency is defined as (Yield of charcoal from the reactor or gasifier/kg of coconut shell fed into the reactor or gasifier' X calorific value of charcoal +yield of gas per kg of coconut shell x calorific value producer gas from the reactor or gasifier)/calorific value of coconut shell per kg..
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it increases its calorific value
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