Question

how electric motor works?​

Answer 1

Answer:

Electric motors work by converting electrical energy to mechanical energy in order to create motion. Force is generated within the motor through the interaction between a magnetic field and winding alternating (AC) or direct (DC) current. ... Electric Motors have an array of applications.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Thanks for your question...

Your required answer :

Definition :

• Electric motor is a rotating device that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy .

Uses :

• It is used in fans , refrigerator , mixers , washing machine etc.

Principle :

• It is based on magnetic effect of current of, i.e. , when a current - carrying coil is placed in a magnetic field a force is exerted that rotates it continuosly on its axis .
• As per Fleming's left hand rule .

Working :

• It consists of rectangular coil PQRS , which has an insulated covet , wound on a soft iron core , called as Armature .

• Armature is free to rotate between the poles of U - shaped permanent magnet .

• The two ends of coil are permanently soldered to two half rings S1 and S 2 .

• They act as Commutators.

• The rings are in the contact of two carbon - brushes R1 and R2 which are connected to the mains of electric supply line.

• Let at any moment , armature with coil PQRS , is in horizontal position as shown in given Figure.

• On pressing the switch , current passes through brush R1 to the coil and according to Fleming's left hand rule , a force on PQ acts in downward direction and on RS in upward direction and in this way two equal and opposite parallel forces act on coil and form a couple and rotate the coil in clockwise direction.

Now,

• When the coil reaches the vertical position , the gap between S1 and S2 will be in contact of brushes R1 and S1 in the contact of R2 .

• So the direction bof current is changed and PQ will rotate to upwards and Rs to downwards.

• This process is repeated again and again and armature with coil keeps rotating on axis till current is supplied to the coil .

Some works done by electric motor :

• An electric motor is used to perform a number of works such as to run water pumps, fans , vaccum cleaners , lifts and trains etc.

Above description of construction and working is of Simple electric motor .

In commercial motors ,

• A powerful electromagnet is used in place of permanent magnet.
• The coil is wound on soft iron core . The soft iron core becomes magnetised and increase strength of magnetic field . This makes motor more powerful.

Definition of two main words :

• Armature - The assembly of soft iron core and coil is called as Armature.

• Commutator - A device which reverses the direction of current through a circuit is called a commutator.