Question

How extinction of one species affect other species? Give examples.

Answer 1

Reduced Biodiversity. Overall ecosystem instability due to reduced biodiversity ranks among the consequences of speciesextinctions. As the number of species in a food chain decreases, there are fewer sustainable alternatives for members of the food chain that had depended on the extinct species.
Example- Dinosaurs, red cat, etc.

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Answer 2

Explanation:

A parasitic wasp attacks an aphid in the first study to prove the theory that the extinction of one predator can lead to the extinction of another. Photo by: Dirk Sanders.

A new study in Biology Letters demonstrates that altering the relationship between a predator and its prey can cause wide-ranging ripple effects through an ecosystem, including unexpected extinctions.

Species help each other, directly or indirectly, which scientists refer to as mutualism or commensalism. For example, a species’ success may rely not only upon the survival of its food source, but may also indirectly rely upon the survival of more distantly related species.

To study the connections between species, ecologists and students from the University of Exeter’s Centre for Ecology and Conservation conducted a lab experiment which analyzed how the extinction of a single predator wasp species impacted its neighbors.

“Our experiment provides the first proof of something that biologists have argued for a long time: predators can have indirect effects on each other, to the extent that when one species is lost, the loss of these indirect effects can lead to further extinctions,” said lead author Dr Frank van Veen, in a press release.

Relationships between predatory wasps, aphids, and food plant. Graph courtesy of Sanders et al.

Relationships between predatory wasps, aphids, and food plant. Graph courtesy of Sanders et al.

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