Question

How fore limbs connected to the spine?

Answer 1

The upper limb and lower limbs were evolved basically for bearing the weight of the body and for locomotion. In quadrupeds forelimbs and hindlimbs are, therefore, built on the same basic pattern.

Each limb is made up of a basal segment or girdle, and a free part divided into Proximal

Nearer to the trunk. Shoulder is proximal and elbow is distal.


Away from the trunk.Shoulder is proximal and elbow is distal.

The girdle attaches the limb to the axial skeleton. The Distal Away from the trunk.Shoulder is proximal and elbow is distal.

However, with the evolution of the erect posture in man, the function of weight bearing was taken over entirely by the lower limbs. As a result of this the upper limbs and hands became free and gradually evolved into organs having great manipulative skill. This has become possible because of a wide range of mobility at the shoulder. Whole upper limb works as a jointed lever.

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Answer 2

The upper limb and lower limbs were evolved basically for bearing the weight of the body and for locomotion. In quadrupeds forelimbs and hindlimbs are, therefore, built on the same basic pattern.

Each limb is made up of a basal segment or girdle, and a free part divided into proximal, middle and distal segments. The girdle attaches the limb to the axial skeleton. The distal segment carries the five digits.

Following table will elicit the similarity between two limbs



However, with the evolution of the erect posture in man, the function of weight bearing was taken over entirely by the lower limbs. As a result of this the upper limbs and hands became free and gradually evolved into organs having great manipulative skill. This has become possible because of a wide range of mobility at the shoulder. Whole upper limb works as a jointed lever.