how independent were women in the roman world
Answers
Free vs. slave was the most basic legal distinction for both women and men in the ancient world.
ut women did have "private" legal rights. A Roman woman could
-inherit property in her own name
-own and sell her property
-get a divorce
-make a will or be the beneficiary of a will
Although legally she needed permission from her male guardian for legal transactions, this was apparently not hard to come by.
Much changed for the worse for women during the reign of Emperor Augustus. He sought to impose a conservative moral order, a higher birth rate, and strict controls over the upper elite.
How did Augustus carry out his conservative program? He used legal edicts: A woman convicted of adultery could lose up to half her property and be banished to an island. An adulterous wife could not remarry.
A widow must remarry within two years. This rule was particularly onerous since so many males had been killed in the civil wars between the death of Julius Caesar and the seizure of power by Augustus.
A husband could not give gifts to his wife during the man's lifetime. Elite women were supposed to learn the old ways of weaving and spinning cloth.
As a daughter, a Roman woman was permanently attached to her family of birth, even after marriage.
A woman did not have her own full name, just the feminine version of her father's family name.
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