Question

How irrigation changed the cropping pattern in many regions of India explain with example

Answer 1

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Explanation:

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Answer 2

Availability of adequate water for irrigation has changed the cropping pattern of various regions. Many farmers because of the increased availability of water have switched over to the cultivation of water intensive commercial crops such as jute, cotton and tea, rather than food grains such as bajra, wheat and ragi.Irrigation causes a lot of changes on the social landscape. Excessive irrigation increases the salinization of the soil and also affects the fertility of soil. This leads to changes cropping patterns, hence in many regions farmers are shifting to water intensive and commercial crops.The following are the three reasons in support of the given statement:

1. Well-developed irrigation facilities have lessened the dependency of peasants on monsoon by ensuring regular supply of water.

2. The development of proper irrigation facility has enabled peasants to grow the water-intensive and commercial crop.  

3. The development of tube wells, irrigation pumps in the farming land has enabled peasants to irrigate a large plot of land.

The following are the effects of developing proper irrigation facilities:

1. This has resulted in brininess of the earth.

2. It has increased productivity.

3. The development of irrigation facilities has resulted in changing the cropping pattern, for instance, rice, which was earlier grown in Northeastern India due to heavy rainfall; the production of rice now can be seen in the areas of low rainfall such as Punjab, Haryana and parts of Rajasthan.

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