How is ampere defined for alternating current?
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Both alternating current and direct current are measured in ampere. But how is ampere defined for alternating current? It cannot be defined from two mutual attraction of two parallel wires carrying ac current, as dc current is defined. My guess is that since an ac current changes direction with the source frequency and attractive force would average to zero, the ac current should be defined of some property that is independent of direction of current. Also, there is one ampere of RMS value of alternating current in a circuit if the current produces same average heating effect as one ampere of dc current would produce under same condition.
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An a.c current changes direction with the source frequency and the attractive force would average to zero. Thus, the a.c ampere must be defined in terms of some property that is independent of the direction of current. Joule’s heating effect is such property and hence it is used to define rms value of a.c.
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