How is crop production managed in Punjab
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Article
Crop Residue Generation and Management in Punjab State
January 2016
Indian Journal of Economics and Development 12(1a):477
DOI: 10.5958/2322-0430.2016.00109.8
Authors:

Sangeef

Raj Kumar
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Abstract
In our study the total production of the crop residues (CR) in Punjab state estimated by crop-to-residue ratio (CRR) method came out to be about 50.67 million tonnes (Mt) during 2013–14. Sangrur district had maximum contribution oj 9.52 per cent to the CR while it was the lowest being 0.92 per cent jor Pathankot. On an average, the CR produced was estimated to be 22.98 Mt, 2.5 Mt, l. HMt, 0.72 Mt in respect of paddy, cotton, maize, and sugarcane while it was 23.08 Mt, 7.4 thousand tonnes(tt), 44.9 tt, 2.6 tt and about one ttfor wheat, sarson, sunflower, gram and masoor respectively. Of the CR, about 71 per cent is mostly used for domestic purposes. Power generation potential from surplus crop residue came out to be about 1194 MWper year in the state and main crop residue potential districts were Sangrur (9.69 per cent), Ludhiana (8.19per cent), Bathinda (7.73per cent), Patiala (7.07%) and Ferozpur (6.04%). Among various efforts made by Punjab government to protect environment from pollution, one of the major steps is to stop crop residue burning as still Punjab is not free from this menace. If the residue from the crops is managed scientifically and used as a conventional source of energy it will go a long way to save the fossil fuel, coal, wood, precious foreign exchange, create additional employment, Besides, this will also add to the income of farmers from the by-product generated. Thus, for efficient management of the crop residues, there is a need to create awareness among the farming communities about the importance and efficient utilisation of this valuable natural resource.

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... The extreme amount of residue from wheat, barley and pearl-millet is used as animal fodder, whereas stubbles of cotton and red gram are used as firewood fuel at household. Mustard husks are chiefly engaged to the fuel for brick kilns [30,31]. Paddy residues, which are the most generous agricultural biomass from the paddy cultivation, have a crucial part to act on [17,32]. ...
... Therefore, use of paddy straw for mushroom production provide great help to the mushroom growers of an amount of 3.75$ per quintal as net saving. Paddy straw can also be used in the fabrication of paper, pulp board, cushioning material in the packaging of manufactured goods [31] and floor tiles [55]. ...
... These nutrients then have to be replenished through organic or inorganic fertilizers, which come at a cost. In addition to complete amount of C, 80% of N, 25% of P, 50% of S and 20% of K existing in straw is lost due to burning [31,44]. One tonne of paddy residues contain 6.1 kg N, 0.8 kg P, and 11.4 kg K [11,[116][117][118]. ...