how is nitric acid manufactured by ostwald process ?explain with diagram.
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Ostwald process to manufacture nitric acid-
Step 1: Catalytic oxidation of Ammonia
A mixture of dry air and dry ammonia in the ratio of 10:1 by volume is compressed and then passed into a platinum gauze which acts as catalyst at about 800℃.
4NH
3
+5O
2
⟶4NO+6H
2
O+Heat
Step 2: Oxidation of nitric oxide
Nitric oxide combines with oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide at about 50°C.
2NO+O
2
⟶2NO
2
Step 3: Absorption of nitrogen dioxide in water
The nitrogen dioxide and oxygen present in the air react with water to form nitric acid.
4NO
2
+2H
2
O+O
2
⟶
Nitric acid
4HNO
3
Nitric acid obtained is concentrated above 50%. On further distillation, 68% nitric acid is produced.
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