Question

How is required pH maintained n the small intestine and stomach?

Answer 1

Answer :-

Gastric acid or the digestive juice, formed in the stomach is composed of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and large quantities of potassium chloride (KCl) and sodium chloride (NaCl). The stomach contains parietal (oxyntic) cells that secrete HCL. The HCL creates acidic pH in the stomach necessary for the action of enzyle pepsin. Other cells in the stomach produce bicarbonate, a base, to buffer the fluid, ensuring that it does not become too acidic. The pH of gastric acid is 1.35 to 3.5 in the human stomach, the acidity being maintained by the proton pump H+/K+ ATPase. The small intestines has a pH of around 7 to 8, that is, it is either neutral or slightly alkaline in nature. The pancreas secretes the bicarbonate ions through bile juice in the small intestines. These bicarbonates neutralise the acidic pH of the food from stomach and create an alkaline pH, thus maintain the required pH in small intestines.....

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Answer 2

• In stomach :

The walls of stomach contain gastric gland which secrete gastric juice. Gastric juice contains enzymes and an acid that is HCl which maintain pH of stomach. When the secretion of HCL is increased causing acidity then NaHCO3 is used as antacid to maintain pH of stomach.

• In small intestine :

Small intestine receives the juice coming from liver, pancreas and of its own. Since pancreatic juice is acidic in nature it creates acidic medium but the secretion of liver is bile juice which is basic in nature form alkaline medium in small intestine.