Question

how is rural local government known in India what are its different institutions

Answer 1

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Local self-government in India refers to governmental jurisdictions below the level of the state. Of the rural local governments, 632 are zila parishad at the district level, 6,672 are panchayat samaiti at the block level, and 255,466 are gram panchayat at the village level.

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Answer 2

Rural Local Government (Gram Panchayat)

Under the three tier system of democratic decentralization of Panchayat Raj Gram Panchayat function at village level. It is the primary unit of local self government. Now the Panchayats are the agency for planning and executing the local development programme.

What is Gram Panchayat:

A Gram Panchayat is a local self government which is responsible mainly for administration of the village and which also looks after the welfare of the people in the village.

Important of Gram Panchayat:

1. It helps to train the villagers in the art of governing themselves.

2. It trains and develops local leadership.

3. It helps in securing participation of local people.

4. It trains rural people in democratic procedure.

I) Procedure for Forming Gram-Panchayat:

Every village having a population of 500 and more must have a grampanchayat. In smaller villages a group grampanchayat for two or three villages is established. The size of population covered by each panchayat varies from state to state.

The number of members of a grampanchayat depends on the size of population. It varies from 7 to 17. Members of grampanchayat are elected by villagers for a period of five years. An adult with an age of 21 years and above is eligible for contesting the election and for voting in the same. One of the members is elected as Sarpanch and another Deputy Sarpanch.

Grampanchayat has a paid secretary (Gramsevak) who is appointed by Zilla Parishad.

1. The Chief executive officer makes the inquiry and collects the information in prescribed form and put in the meeting of standing committee.

2. After approval of standing committee the proposal is send to commissioner.

3. The commissioner passes the order to district collector to form separate Grampanchayat.

4. After declaration of separate Grampanchayat, state eleven Commissioner has to conduct the election of new Grampanchayat within a period of six months.

6. After election the functioning of the Grampanchayat is started.

II) Election of Gram-Panchayat:

1. Elections of the grampanchayat are conducted by stats election Commissioner through District Collector and Tahasildar.

2. The elections are conducted for every five years. The date of 1st meeting of elected members is taken as a date of starting of the functioning of that grampanchayat.

3. Tahasildar announces the date of election.

4. The number of members is fixed according to population of village.