How is soil formed? Mention various causes of soil erosion.
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5
Soil is formed from the rocks by the process of the weathering.
Breakdown of bigger rocks into fine smaller mineral particles is called weathering.
Weathering occurs by 3 means:
Physical weathering : this is done by various climatic factors such a temperature, Wind, rain water, ice , snow, Glacier & running water.
Chemical weathering:
This is done by a variety of chemical processes such as hydrolysis , hydration , oxidation & reduction.
The main end products of the chemical weathering are silica, clay, inorganic Salts & hydrated oxides.
Biological weathering:
Lichens, bryophytes and other plants live on rocks and produce acids which accelerates the process of rock weathering.
Causes of soil erosion:
1. By Strong winds: the winds carry away the fine soil particles to other places.
2. By heavy rains: when rain falls on the unprotected topsoil rainwater washes it down into the streams and rivers e.t.c
3. By Frequent floods: fast moving water in the rivers remove the top soil of the fields near the river bank and carry it away.
4. By dust storms: the dust storm Carry use amounts of loose soil from one place to another.
5. By human actions: large scale deforestation and overgrazing by our domestic animals also lead to soil erosion.
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Hope this will help you.....
Breakdown of bigger rocks into fine smaller mineral particles is called weathering.
Weathering occurs by 3 means:
Physical weathering : this is done by various climatic factors such a temperature, Wind, rain water, ice , snow, Glacier & running water.
Chemical weathering:
This is done by a variety of chemical processes such as hydrolysis , hydration , oxidation & reduction.
The main end products of the chemical weathering are silica, clay, inorganic Salts & hydrated oxides.
Biological weathering:
Lichens, bryophytes and other plants live on rocks and produce acids which accelerates the process of rock weathering.
Causes of soil erosion:
1. By Strong winds: the winds carry away the fine soil particles to other places.
2. By heavy rains: when rain falls on the unprotected topsoil rainwater washes it down into the streams and rivers e.t.c
3. By Frequent floods: fast moving water in the rivers remove the top soil of the fields near the river bank and carry it away.
4. By dust storms: the dust storm Carry use amounts of loose soil from one place to another.
5. By human actions: large scale deforestation and overgrazing by our domestic animals also lead to soil erosion.
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Hope this will help you.....
Answered by
3
Answer:
- DEFORESTATION
- OVERGRAZING
- SHIFTING CULTIVATION
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