Question

how mitochondria is able to synthesise some of its proteins.......
GIVE REASONS...

Answer 1

The most relevant organelles in this case are the ribosomes, which process the mitochondrial DNA into proteins through transcription and translation. The mitochondrion has a high internal surface area, much like the endoplasmic reticulum, which allows it to package and fold the proteins which the ribosomes create, making them useful to the cell.

Mitochondria are interesting for another reason: they support the theory that eukaryotic cells evolved from a symbiotic relationship between a prokaryote and another cell. One hypothesis suggests that a larger prokaryote either consumed, or was parasitized by a smaller prokaryote. Basically, it came by for dinner and never left. This helps explain why mitochondrial DNA is distinct from nuclear DNA, and why it can create its own proteins.

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