How p53 is halting the cell cycle in G1 when DNA is damaged
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After DNA damage, p53 activates the transcription of several “downstream” genes, including p21, a gene that belongs to a family of negative cell cycle regulators that inhibit Cdk proteins. P21 inactivates most cyclins involved in the cell cycle, and as a result pRB remains underphosphorylated, keeping the cell in G1.
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