Question

how plants absorb water through roots?​

Answer 1

Answer:

There are two processes involved in how a plant absorbs water: capillary action and transpiration.

• Plants absorb water and nutrients through the xylem: a tissue made up of thin tubes located just below the surface of the plant’s stems. The molecules in this tissue attract water molecules from the soil, so that the water is pulled upwards. This process is called capillary action. It’s similar to what happens when you drink water through a straw.
• In the case of plants, it’s solar energy that pulls the water upward. Sunlight evaporates the water on the surface of the foliage leading to a process known as transpiration. Transpiration occurs when this evaporation removes water molecules from the upper surface of the xylem tubes. This creates a vacuum that pulls water upward to fill the gap.

Answer 2

Answer:

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In higher plants, water is absorbed through root hairs from the soil water. The walls of root hairs are permeable to water and are hydrophilic in nature. They contain vacuoles filled with cell sap. Absorption of water by roots takes place by two mechanism namely, active absorption and passive absorption.

• During active absorption, the root cells absorb water using metabolic energy released through respi­ration. Active absorption could be either osmotic absorption or non-osmotic absorption. In osmotic absorption, water is absorbed from the soil into the xylem of the roots in the osmotic gradient. In non-osmotic absorption, water is absorbed against the osmotic gradient.

• In passive absorption, water absorption is due to transpiration. In this, absorption of water into the root is due to conditions originate in the top of the plant and the root cells play a passive role. Osmotic concentration of the root cells is due to the presence of soluble metabolic products synthesized in the aerial parts of the plants and later translocated downwards to the root cells.

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