Question

How relevant are the Four Theories of Press in a globalised world?

Answer 1

Explanation:

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Answer 2

The best-known effort was made to explain the connection between mainstream media culture in the real world when Frederick S. Siebert, Theodore Peterson and Wilbur Schramm presented theories from the press more than 40 years ago. These are widely accepted and used by media experts . However, in some ways their ideas appear obsolete and too simple to serve in today's mass media world

Explanation:

• The four theories are: the theory of authoritarianism – the role of the press under this theory is to promote state, actions & its authorities. Solidarity & national unity should be fostered by the press. The State retains the responsibility for the general public to monitor the press
• In certain cases, regulating the press prevents the press from undermining the ruling govt, repressing dissent and opposition and seriously restricting the freedom of the press. The patriarchal view persisted in Europe in the 17th century, where publishing was subject to dictatorship and church's prerogative and censorship. Most members of non-democratic states accept the authoritarian principle today.
• Next, liberal theory — the press has the purpose of defending the liberties and interests of individuals and of encouraging people to engage in a democratic self-government in their capacity as citizens. The liberal philosophy favors private news media which have the greatest right to advise people and critique public policy and to be a watchdog for democracy.
• This is not the state or government's prerogative to write and communicate itself openly. It is a fundamental right to free men. Liberal philosophy suggests that a competitive market for ideas is the strongest long-term guarantee for a democratic and equal society, although it may cause damage in the short term.
• Thirdly, the principle of social responsibility was created by the US initiative in the late 1980s. The Commission on Press Freedom was able to establish a paradigm in which the media had clear responsibilities towards society as it recognized that the competition had struggled to satisfy the promise that freedom of the press would expose the facts. The terms "“informativeness, truth, accuracy, objectivity, and balance” are articulated in these responsibilities. Siebert argued that social duty seeks to pluralize the media in its entirety, providing "a representation both of society's diversity and of exposure to diverse perspectives"
• Contrary to libertarian ideology, the idea of social accountability is to allow minority people access to different mass media.  The journalist is accountable to the audience as well as to the govt. This seeks to balance the freedom of the press with the liberal stress.
• It claims that these rights in dominant news outlets have societal obligations to uphold. Journalists are responsible for delivering accurate contextualized reporting. They are responsible for providing a diverse outlet for opinions and values. This is their duty that go beyond engaging news audiences and to answer the most important issues indepth. Nevertheless, the principle of social accountability is followed by most information networks in Western Europe.
• Finally, communist Soviet philosophy – it's closely connected to a single ideology, socialist ideology. Press are state-owned in Communist countries and government has a censorship section. The recruitment of editors, various rules on the content of newspapers, papers and reviews, is another form of regulation. The media outlets in this program ought not to be commercial except to represent the workers' needs.
• Today, this theory 's name is of historical significance only. For example, in China, where TV, radio and newspaper are dominated by the Communist government, the latest example of Communist Theory is how the media operates. Nevertheless, the Chinese Communist Party has taken over Chinese policy in 1949 and is now extending its independence to the 21st century.

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