Question

How strong are acid and base solutions?

Answer 1

acid :- we know, acid which have tendency to loose H+ ions , hence , more H+ ions loose then more acidic strength. example :- H2CO3 is more acidic then HCO3- , because ,
H2CO3 releases two H+ ions and HCO3- releases only one H+ ion so,
acidic strength of H2CO3 > acidic strength of HCO3-
here we can use PH value of finding acidic strength , PH < 7 then compound is acidic ,
let pH of A = 3
and PH of B =4
then, acidic strength of A> acidic strength of B


now, basic , :- basic is a substance which loosed OH- ions , hence, loose more OH- more basic strength .
example :- Mg(OH)2 is more basic then
Mg(OH)- .

here we can also identify of acidic strength by PH scale .
if PH > 7 then solution of compound is basic .

Answer 2

In strong acid, lower pH, higher H+ concentration.

In weak acid, higher pH, lower H+ concentration.

In strong base, higher pH, higher OH- concentration.

In weak base, lower pH, lower OH- concentration.