Question

how the alvoli designed to maximize the exchange of gases ?

Answer 1

The alveoli are adapted to make gas exchange in lungs happen easily and efficiently. ... they give the lungs a really big surface area. they have moist, thin walls (just one cell thick) they have a lot of tiny blood vessels called capillaries.

Answer 2

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For 2 marks:-
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The alveoli are thin walled and richly supplied with a network of blood vessels to facilitate exchange of gases between blood and the air filled in alveoli. they have balloon – like structure that provide maximum surface area for exchange of gases.

For 3 or 4 marks :-
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The alveoli (microscopic air sacs) in the lungs are adapted to maximize gas exchange - the membrane is thin and the blood capillaries are close to the membrane, so the distance for diffusion of gases is very small. There is also a large amount of carbon dioxide in the blood around the alveoli and a large amount of oxygen inside the alveolus, so the concentration gradient encourages oxygen to diffuse in and the carbon dioxide to diffuse out. There are also millions of alveoli in the lungs, which gives the lungs a large surface area for diffusion and a large capacity for air.

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