Question

how the pointed rod fixed at the top of a building saves the building from lightning shocks?

Answer 1

it is a lightning conductor . it catches the atmospheric lightning and as it is made up of metal it takes the light energy to the earth. the earth is an electric sink. so it safeguard the building

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Answer 2

Lightning rods (and the accompanying  protection system) are designed to protect a house or building from a direct  lightning strike and, in particular, a lightning-initiated fire. Note that lightning  protection systems do not prevent lightning from striking the structure, but  rather intercept a lightning strike, provide a conductive path for the harmful  electrical discharge to follow (the appropriate UL-listed copper or aluminum  cable), and disperse the energy safely into the ground (grounding network).  It's very important that these components be properly connected (bonded) to minimize  the chances for any sparks or side flashes