Question

how to find effective nuclear charge ?explain by giving one example

Answer 1

add the charge of nucleus (no. 0f protons) and charge of electron cloud (no of electron)
eg find the effective nuclear charge of oxygen 2 minus ion
ans charge of nucleus= number of proton =+6
charge of electron cloud =no of electron =6-+-2=-8 effective nuclear charge =+6+-8=6-8=-2

Answer 2

Answer :

Effective nuclear charge : Due to screening effect the valency electrons experience less attraction towards nucleus. This reduces the active nuclear charge (z) actually present on the nucleus. This reduced nuclear charge is termed as 'effective nuclear charge. (Z_eff).