How to make a flow chart of space science development from Aryabhatta till date ( with the objective year and image ).
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From Aryabhatta to Mars mission: India’s successful space odyssey. India today has end-to-end capabilities in space after a long journey full of adventures.
Entering the space with Aryabhatta, its first satellite launched in 1975 by the erstwhile Soviet Union, India today enjoys a unique status in space technology with the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), the primary space agency of the government rated among the six largest government space agencies in the world, along with American NASA, Russia’s RKA, Europe’s ESA, China’s CNSA and Japan’s JAXA.
The space program in the country had humble beginnings as it began with a church located in the fishing village of Thumba on the coast of the Arabian Sea in the southern Indian state of Kerala.
Today, India is an emerging player in the global satellite launch and manufacturing industry and the market leader in vending images sent by its remote sensing/earth observation satellites.
ISRO, which is headquartered in Bangalore and managed by the administrative control of the Department of Space (DoS), has successfully launched the first of seven satellites that will provide the country with an independent navigation satellite capability.
The space agency also plans to put the full constellation of satellites into orbit by the financial year 2014-2015.
A navigation satellite system uses a cluster of spacecraft that regularly transmit signals.
Suitably equipped receivers can then use that data to work out their exact position. Satellite-based navigation has over the years become indispensable, with a multitude of both civilian and military uses.
Vehicles, big and small, as well as aircraft and ships increasingly find their way using such navigation devices.
People these days turn to map and location-based services on their mobile devices.
Moreover, India’s modernization of its armed forces will be benefited manifold as a satellite system of its own will give the country redundancy and reduced dependence on outside agencies for the key technology.
The satellite navigation also has huge civilian applications with India developing both economically and technologically. The country uses its satellites for civilian (earth observation/remote sensing, communication, meteorology) and defense purposes.
The applications of global navigation satellite systems are potentially enormous.
According to space research experts and industry view, a massive market is waiting to take shape and what we see of its present use can be considered a tip of the iceberg.
India’s weather monitoring satellites have helped save thousands of lives when a series of cyclones or hurricanes struck India’s coast by giving timely and accurate advance information.
The best known and currently the most widely used navigation satellite system is the US Global Positioning System (GPS), which became operational two decades ago.
Russia too offers global coverage with its Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS). Europe is establishing its own global system, Galileo.
Although the full constellation will be ready only by 2019, it plans to begin some services with a reduced number of satellites by the end of next year.
China also announced operational services from its BeiDou Navigation Satellite System over that country and surrounding areas.
Japan has already launched the first of three satellites for its regional system that will augment GPS services.
India’s space mission began in the early 1960s when India’s space odyssey took its baby step. ISRO, which built Aryabhatta, has superseded the erstwhile Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) with the primary objective to advance space technology in the country and use its applications for the national benefit.
Established in 1969, the space research organization has achieved numerous milestones since its inception.
Rohini, the first satellite to be placed in orbit by an Indian-made launch vehicle, SLV-3, was launched in 1980.
ISRO subsequently developed two other rockets — the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) for putting satellites into polar orbits and the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) for placing satellites into geostationary orbits.
These rockets have launched numerous communications satellites, earth observation satellites and, in 2008, Chandrayaan-1, India’s first mission to the Moon.
India’s maiden mission to Mars successfully lifted off from Sriharikota on Nov. 5, 2013 with its polar rocket placing the Mars spacecraft precisely into an intended earth orbit in its first-ever historic inter-planetary odyssey in a bid to join a select band of nations.
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