How to reduce waste generation substantially? (100-200 words)
SDG12 (Target12.5)
Answers
Answer:
Lack of treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater presents a serious health and environmental hazard in many cities, particularly in developing countries where 80-90% of urban wastewater is untreated or insufficiently treated when discharged. Even in developed countries wastewater is not universally treated. Global rates of wastewater generation are increasing at an exponential rate as a result of rapid population growth and urbanization. A huge volume of untreated wastewater is dumped directly into water sources, threatening human health, ecosystems, biodiversity, food security, and the sustainability of water resources.
Urban households and businesses produce substantial amounts of solid waste (not including industrial, construction, and hazardous waste) that must be collected regularly and disposed of properly in order to maintain healthy and sanitary living conditions. Such collection can be through formal or informal means. Uncollected and improperly managed solid waste can end up in drains and dumps, and may result in blocked drains and other unsanitary conditions. Mosquitoes that spread disease can breed in blocked drains and dumps. In addition, some constituents of solid waste, such as organic matter, can attract flies and rodents that spread gastrointestinal and parasitic diseases.
Food losses through inefficiencies in the food production chain and waste are widespread in all countries. At present, direct data on food losses and waste is sparse and difficult to compare internationally. This is partly explained by the high cost of directly measuring losses and waste for numerous categories of food products and across different stages from harvest to final consumption. In view of the importance of food losses and waste, a basic indicator is needed to track progress over time. FAO is currently developing the Global Food Loss Indicator, which is expected to be available by end of 2015 but remains to be validated. The indicator is based on a model using observed variables that conceivably influence food losses (e.g. road density, weather, pests) to estimate quantitative pre- and post-harvest losses. Data on these variables are available from several sources, including country statistics, FAOSTAT, WFP’s Logistics Capacity index, World Road Statistics, etc. In addition, depending on their priorities and monitoring systems, countries may adopt other indicators to more directly track food losses and/or waste for agricultural product categories of highest priority to their food and nutrition security.
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REDUCES WASTE GENERATION BY FOLLOWING TIPS:
1. Use a reusable bottle/cup for beverages :
You might already have a reusable water bottle, but do you use it all the time? You can put that reusable bottle to use, save money, and reduce waste. While most cans and bottles can be recycled, they requires a lot of energy to be produced.
2. Purchase wisely and recycle:
You can reduce the amount of waste you produced by purchasing products that comes with less packaging that can be recycled. Not all plastics are recyclable in Delaware, so check labels before your buy. According toDelaware's division of waste and hazardous substances, containers labeled with 1 or 2 are almost always accepted because they are highest value resins.
3. Compost it:
Your fruits and vegetables scraps, egg shells, coffee grounds, grass clippings and leaves can all composed. After 3 to 12 months it is used as a fertilizer for garden .
4. Avoid single use food and drink container and utensils:
A lot of the items are made up plastics , had to be delivered by a truck, and will end up in a landfill once we have used them one time. Anything we can do to reduce our use of these products adds upto make a big impact.