Question

how to understand direct and indirect speech as well as voices

Answer 1

Direct Speech:-
In direct speech, we convey the message of the speaker in his own actual words without any change to another person.

Indirect Speech:-
In indirect speech, we convey the message of the speaker in our own words to another person.

Answer 2

So, understanding the concept of direct and indirect speech is a little bit difficult but if you understood it's base then you may understand what it is all about... Direct speech is mainly the conversation between the first and second person. For example - Sharan said to Sid, " I will be off on my whatsapp account tomorrow " So, in this example the conversation is between first and the second person that is the reason why it is called Direct Speech and Indirect speech is mainly the conversation described by the first or second person to the third person. For example - Sharan told Sid that she would be off on her whatsapp account the next day. So, this is indirect speech.

The next thing is Active and Passive. It's the most easy topic of grammar. Active voice mainly denotes the work done to the object by the subject. For example - The society members welcomed the Governor. In this the subject i.e. The society members do an action to the object i.e. Governor. This is Active voice. Passive voice on the other hand is simply the action done by the object to the subject. For example - The Governor was welcomed by the society members. This is Passive Voice.

HOPE IT'S HELPFUL...