Question

How was the
thinking of
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
different from that of Mahatma Gandhi? class 9 chapter 2 constitutional design
​

Answer 1

Questions

Question 1.
Who was Nelson Mandela?
Answer:
He was a nationalist leader of South Africa, who fought against racial discrimination.

Question 2.
What would have happened in South Africa if the black majority had decided to take revenge on the whites for all their oppression and exploitation?
Answer:
Violence would have erupted in South Africa. Bloodshed would have taken place. A great loss of life and property would have taken place.

Question 3.
What is meant by Segregation?
Answer:
All the public places like trains, buses, schools, hospitals, beaches etc. were separate for the whites and blacks. Even the churches were separate. The black people were forbidden from living in white areas. This is called Segregation.

Question 4.
Which type of tactics did the white racist government of South Africa use to continue to rule?
Answer:
The white racist government continued to rule by detaining, torturing and killing thousands of black and coloured people.

Answer 2

Answer:

Mankind has witnessed from time to time emergence of greatsouls who

have shown us the path of knowledge and taught us how to try to live an

ideal life. Perhaps these two stalwarts, Mahatma Gandhi and Ambedkar,

with their basic philosophy of the welfare of the poor and the down-trodden,

are a part of the same vedic heritage.

Before their arrival on the scene, the Hindu social organization was based

on the hierarchy of the four vams; the Brahmins, the Kshatriyas, the Vaishyas

and the Shudras. This four-fold division of society was laid down by Manu

and is generally called Chaturvarna. According to this system, the Hindus's

social and economic status was to be decided by their birth. There was no

chance to choose their occupations. This dicisive feature of the Hindu society

had created a number of serious problems such as the feelings of high and

low, superiority and inferiority, injustice and misery. One section of the

Hindus treated the other sections as second rate, third-rate citizens or slaves.

The lower castes were suppressed, depressed and harassed.

In order to remove such social evils several worthy sons of India have

employed their energies and talents. Twenty five hundred years ago, Buddha

made the first effort. Twelfth century Basava fought against the caste

orthodoxy. Saints like Kabir, Chaitanya, Eknath and Tukaram spent their

life time advising and reforming the varioussections of the Hindu population

in different parts of the country.