Question

How will you convert aniline into Sulphanilic acid?

Answer 1

Dear Student,

◆ Converting aniline to sulphanilic acid -
Aniline on heating with sulphuric acid gives sulphanilic acid.
Ph-NH2 + H2SO4 --> NH2-Ph-SO3H

This reaction occurs in two steps.
i) First aniline reacts with H2SO4 to form anilinium hydrogen sulphate.
ii) Second anilinium hydrogen sulphate on heating at 180-200 ℃ gives sulphanilic acid.

* Sulphanilic acid thus formed have associating resonant structure of zwitter ion.

Hope this helped you. Thanks for asking..