how will you prepare aldehyde from alcohol
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The oxidizing agent used in these reactions is normally a solution of sodium or potassium dichromate(VI) acidified with dilute sulfuric acid. If oxidation occurs, the orange solution containing the dichromate(VI) ions is reduced to a green solution containing chromium(III) ions.
The net effect is that an oxygen atom from the oxidizing agent removes a hydrogen from the -OH group of the alcohol and one from the carbon to which it is attached.
[O] is often used to represent oxygen coming from an oxidising agent.
R and R' are alkyl groups or hydrogen. They could also be groups containing a benzene ring, but I'm ignoring these to keep things simple.
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